That hue which cowardice brought out on me,
Beholding my Conductor backward turn,
Sooner repressed within him his new colour.

He stopped attentive, like a man who listens,
Because the eye could not conduct him far
Through the black air, and through the heavy fog.

"Still it behoveth us to win the fight,"
Began he; "Else. . .Such offered us herself. . .
O how I long that some one here arrive!"

Well I perceived, as soon as the beginning10
He covered up with what came afterward,
That they were words quite different from the first;

But none the less his saying gave me fear,
Because I carried out the broken phrase,
Perhaps to a worse meaning than he had.

"Into this bottom of the doleful conch
Doth any e'er descend from the first grade,
Which for its pain has only hope cut off?"

This question put I; and he answered me:
"Seldom it comes to pass that one of us20
Maketh the journey upon which I go.

True is it, once before I here below
Was conjured by that pitiless Erictho,
Who summoned back the shades unto their bodies.

Naked of me short while the flesh had been,
Before within that wall she made me enter,
To bring a spirit from the circle of Judas;

That is the lowest region and the darkest,
And farthest from the heaven which circles all.
Well know I the way; therefore be reassured.30

This fen, which a prodigious stench exhales,
Encompasses about the city dolent,
Where now we cannot enter without anger."

And more he said, but not in mind I have it;
Because mine eye had altogether drawn me
Tow'rds the high tower with the red-flaming summit,

Where in a moment saw I swift uprisen
The three infernal Furies stained with blood,
Who had the limbs of women and their mien,

And with the greenest hydras were begirt;40
Small serpents and cerastes were their tresses,
Wherewith their horrid temples were entwined.

And he who well the handmaids of the Queen
Of everlasting lamentation knew,
Said unto me: "Behold the fierce Erinnys.

This is Megaera, on the left-hand side;
She who is weeping on the right, Alecto;
Tisiphone is between;" and then was silent.

Each one her breast was rending with her nails;
They beat them with their palms, and cried so loud,50
That I for dread pressed close unto the Poet.

"Medusa come, so we to stone will change him!"
All shouted looking down; "in evil hour
Avenged we not on Theseus his assault!"

"Turn thyself round, and keep thine eyes close shut,
For if the Gorgon appear, and thou shouldst see it,
No more returning upward would there be."

Thus said the Master; and he turned me round
Himself, and trusted not unto my hands
So far as not to blind me with his own.60

O ye who have undistempered intellects,
Observe the doctrine that conceals itself
Beneath the veil of the mysterious verses!

And now there came across the turbid waves
The clangour of a sound with terror fraught,
Because of which both of the margins trembled;

Not otherwise it was than of a wind
Impetuous on account of adverse heats,
That smites the forest, and, without restraint,

The branches rends, beats down, and bears away;70
Right onward, laden with dust, it goes superb,
And puts to flight the wild beasts and the shepherds.

Mine eyes he loosed, and said: "Direct the nerve
Of vision now along that ancient foam,
There yonder where that smoke is most intense."

Even as the frogs before the hostile serpent
Across the water scatter all abroad,
Until each one is huddled in the earth.

More than a thousand ruined souls I saw,
Thus fleeing from before one who on foot80
Was passing o'er the Styx with soles unwet.

From off his face he fanned that unctuous air,
Waving his left hand oft in front of him,
And only with that anguish seemed he weary.

Well I perceived one sent from Heaven was he,
And to the Master turned; and he made sign
That I should quiet stand, and bow before him.

Ah! how disdainful he appeared to me!
He reached the gate, and with a little rod
He opened it, for there was no resistance.90

"O banished out of Heaven, people despised!"
Thus he began upon the horrid threshold;
"Whence is this arrogance within you couched?

Wherefore recalcitrate against that will,
From which the end can never be cut off,
And which has many times increased your pain?

What helpeth it to butt against the fates?
Your Cerberus, if you remember well,
For that still bears his chin and gullet peeled."

Then he returned along the miry road,100
And spake no word to us, but had the look
Of one whom other care constrains and goads

Than that of him who in his presence is;
And we our feet directed tow'rds the city,
After those holy words all confident.

Within we entered without any contest;
And I, who inclination had to see
What the condition such a fortress holds,

Soon as I was within, cast round mine eye,
And see on every hand an ample plain,110
Full of distress and torment terrible.

Even as at Arles, where stagnant grows the Rhone,
Even as at Pola near to the Quarnaro,
That shuts in Italy and bathes its borders,

The sepulchres make all the place uneven;
So likewise did they there on every side,
Saving that there the manner was more bitter;

For flames between the sepulchres were scattered,
By which they so intensely heated were,
That iron more so asks not any art.120

All of their coverings uplifted were,
And from them issued forth such dire laments,
Sooth seemed they of the wretched and tormented.

And I: "My Master, what are all those people
Who, having sepulture within those tombs,
Make themselves audible by doleful sighs?"

And he to me: "Here are the Heresiarchs,
With their disciples of all sects, and much
More than thou thinkest laden are the tombs.

Here like together with its like is buried;130
And more and less the monuments are heated."
And when he to the right had turned, we passed

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Attento si fermò com’ uom ch’ascolta;
ché l’occhio nol potea menare a lunga
per l’aere nero e per la nebbia folta.

«Pur a noi converrà vincer la punga»,
cominciò el, «se non . . . Tal ne s’offerse.
Oh quanto tarda a me ch’altri qui giunga!».

I’ vidi ben só com’ ei ricoperse10
lo cominciar con l’altro che poi venne,
che fur parole a le prime diverse;

ma nondimen paura il suo dir dienne,
perch’ io traeva la parola tronca
forse a peggior sentenzia che non tenne.

«In questo fondo de la trista conca
discende mai alcun del primo grado,
che sol per pena ha la speranza cionca?».

Questa question fec’ io; e quei «Di rado
incontra», mi rispuose, «che di noi20
faccia il cammino alcun per qual io vado.

Ver è ch’altra fïata qua giù fui,
congiurato da quella Eritón cruda
che richiamava l’ombre a’ corpi sui.

Di poco era di me la carne nuda,
ch’ella mi fece intrar dentr’ a quel muro,
per trarne un spirto del cerchio di Giuda.

Quell’ è ’l più basso loco e ’l più oscuro,
e ’l più lontan dal ciel che tutto gira:
ben so ’l cammin; però ti fa sicuro.30

Questa palude che ’l gran puzzo spira
cigne dintorno la città dolente,
u’ non potemo intrare omai sanz’ ira».

E altro disse, ma non l’ho a mente;
però che l’occhio m’avea tutto tratto
ver’ l’alta torre a la cima rovente,

dove in un punto furon dritte ratto
tre furïe infernal di sangue tinte,
che membra feminine avieno e atto,

e con idre verdissime eran cinte;40
serpentelli e ceraste avien per crine,
onde le fiere tempie erano avvinte.

E quei, che ben conobbe le meschine
de la regina de l’etterno pianto,
«Guarda», mi disse, «le feroci Erine.

Quest’ è Megera dal sinistro canto;
quella che piange dal destro è Aletto;
Tesifón è nel mezzo»; e tacque a tanto.

Con l’unghie si fendea ciascuna il petto;
battiensi a palme e gridavan só alto,50
ch’i’ mi strinsi al poeta per sospetto.

«Vegna Medusa: sì ’l farem di smalto»,
dicevan tutte riguardando in giuso;
«mal non vengiammo in Tesëo l’assalto».

«Volgiti ’n dietro e tien lo viso chiuso;
ché se ’l Gorgón si mostra e tu ’l vedessi,
nulla sarebbe di tornar mai suso».

Così disse ’l maestro; ed elli stessi
mi volse, e non si tenne a le mie mani,
che con le sue ancor non mi chiudessi.60

O voi ch’avete li ’ntelletti sani,
mirate la dottrina che s’asconde
sotto ’l velame de li versi strani.

E già venìa su per le torbide onde
un fracasso d’un suon, pien di spavento,
per cui tremavano amendue le sponde,

non altrimenti fatto che d’un vento
impetüoso per li avversi ardori,
che fier la selva e sanz’ alcun rattento

li rami schianta, abbatte e porta fori;70
dinanzi polveroso va superbo,
e fa fuggir le fiere e li pastori.

Li occhi mi sciolse e disse: «Or drizza il nerbo
del viso su per quella schiuma antica
per indi ove quel fummo è più acerbo».

Come le rane innanzi a la nimica
biscia per l’acqua si dileguan tutte,
fin ch’a la terra ciascuna s’abbica,

vid’ io più di mille anime distrutte
fuggir così dinanzi ad un ch’al passo80
passava Stige con le piante asciutte.

Dal volto rimovea quell’ aere grasso,
menando la sinistra innanzi spesso;
e sol di quell’ angoscia parea lasso.

Ben m’accorsi ch’elli era da ciel messo,
e volsimi al maestro; e quei fé segno
ch’i’ stessi queto ed inchinassi ad esso.

Ahi quanto mi parea pien di disdegno!
Venne a la porta e con una verghetta
l’aperse, che non v’ebbe alcun ritegno.90

«O cacciati del ciel, gente dispetta»,
cominciò elli in su l’orribil soglia,
«ond’ esta oltracotanza in voi s’alletta?

Perché recalcitrate a quella voglia
a cui non puote il fin mai esser mozzo,
e che più volte v’ha cresciuta doglia?

Che giova ne le fata dar di cozzo?
Cerbero vostro, se ben vi ricorda,
ne porta ancor pelato il mento e ’l gozzo».

Poi si rivolse per la strada lorda,100
e non fé motto a noi, ma fé sembiante
d’omo cui altra cura stringa e morda

che quella di colui che li è davante;
e noi movemmo i piedi inver’ la terra,
sicuri appresso le parole sante.

Dentro li ’ntrammo sanz’ alcuna guerra;
e io, ch’avea di riguardar disio
la condizion che tal fortezza serra,

com’ io fui dentro, l’occhio intorno invio:
e veggio ad ogne man grande campagna,110
piena di duolo e di tormento rio.

Sì come ad Arli, ove Rodano stagna,
sì com’ a Pola, presso del Carnaro
ch’Italia chiude e suoi termini bagna,

fanno i sepulcri tutt’ il loco varo,
così facevan quivi d’ogne parte,
salvo che ’l modo v’era più amaro;

ché tra li avelli fiamme erano sparte,
per le quali eran sì del tutto accesi,
che ferro più non chiede verun’ arte.120

Tutti li lor coperchi eran sospesi,
e fuor n’uscivan sì duri lamenti,
che ben parean di miseri e d’offesi.

E io: «Maestro, quai son quelle genti
che, seppellite dentro da quell’ arche,
si fan sentir coi sospiri dolenti?».

E quelli a me: «Qui son li eresïarche
con lor seguaci, d’ogne setta, e molto
più che non credi son le tombe carche.

Simile qui con simile è sepolto,130
e i monimenti son più e men caldi».
E poi ch’a la man destra si fu vòlto,